What is the full form of ECG?

ECG stands for "Electrocardiography".

What is ECG (Electrocardiography)?

Electrocardiography inculcates to generate an electrocardiogram. This is basically an electrical signal that is produced during heart activity. It is done by placing the electrodes on the skin of the patient. The electrodes so placed on the skin generates electrical signals that tend to work with the heartbeats of a person that tends to produce a graph. These electrodes detect the small electrical changes that are a consequence of cardiac muscle depolarization followed by repolarization during each cardiac cycle (heartbeat).

This is done to detect if there is any chance of heart-related issues for example a heart attack or angina pain, and this is done by the means of noticing the changes in the heartbeat patterns through the test done. Not only this, but it is also able to detect other cardiac rhythm disturbances (such as atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia), inadequate coronary artery blood flow (such as myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction), and electrolyte disturbances (such as hypokalemia and hyperkalemia).

The graph so generated produces waves and they are; P waves which represent the depolarization of the atria; the ORS complex, which represents the depolarization of the ventricles; and the T waves, which represent the repolarization of the ventricles.