Calculator in Windows Form using C#
CALCULATOR IN WINDOWS FORM
Microsoft.net framework or Mono Framework provides a free and open source graphical (GUI) class library called as Windows Form or WinForms.
These WinForms provide a platform to App developers to write rich client applications for laptop, desktops, and tablet PCs etc.
These WinForms are written in C# programming
Language and an attractive feature included in it is the drag and drop facilities that can be applied on the native Windows Controls like button , textbox, checkbox, listview etc
These controls included in uncountable number of applications. One of the application that we will study about is Calculator made in Windows Forms.
So let us quickly get started to make our own basic calculator in WinForms.
STEP 1: Open Visual Studio or the IDE which you are comfortable with and create a new project . Select the Windows Form Application that comes under .net framework.
Click on create and then name the project as per your choice, for eg. “Calculator_1” and then press OK.
A main form on your workspace will appear as this:
STEP 2: Right click on the form and select “properties” from the dialog box and then change the text property to “calculator” for your convenience.
Also, you can modify the size of the form by adjusting its property attributes.
STEP 3: Open toolbox by pressing Ctrl + Alt + X or from the view in Menu Bar if toolbox is not there on the workspace already.
- Once you come across the toolbox , select “textbox“ control and drop it onto the form. Resize it according to your need from the properties or you can adjust it directly by the arrows that appear on the textbox boundary once you click on the textbox.
- This textbox will display the values selected by the user and the result generated by the calculator.
- Change the alignment of the text in the textbox to right in the properties. You can also set the default value in calculator textbox to 0.
STEP 4: A basic calculator will contain numerical digits from 0 to 9, + , - , * , /, . , = . Also ON ,OFF buttons for turning the calculator on and off and vice versa. Two additional buttons namely “clear” and “<=” (backspace) are added if any value is to be removed from the textbox .
Therefore, we will be adding 20 buttons in the form. Please note that we will add the ON and OFF button in such a way that one button overlaps the other. This is to make any one button out of these two to be visible when the calculator is on or off. i. e , the ON button will be hidden when we turn it on and the OFF button will be shown and vice versa.
STEP 5: Select “ button control” from the toolbox and resize it. Copy and paste this button on the form for all the other buttons on the calculator to maintain symmetry in the calculator.
Adjust the “=” button size as according to the picture here.
STEP 6: Name these buttons according to the function they are performing . for eg. For numerical values , name them as “ b0 to b9 ” for 0 to 9. For + , - ,* ,/ ,= ,. , change name to add , sub , mul , div, result, point respectively.
Also change their text according to the values that are to be displayed on the buttons in the calculator.
STEP 7: Once it is done , you will have to specify the action that has to be performed by any button when it is pressed. Double click on the button you will come across the coding section of that button. You have to specify the functionality of each button one by one in the code section.
The coding should look like this:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace Calculator_1
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
float num, ans;
int count;
public void disable()
{
textBox1.Enabled = false;
on.Show();
off.Hide();
b0.Enabled = false;
b1.Enabled = false;
b2.Enabled = false;
b3.Enabled = false;
b4.Enabled = false;
b5.Enabled = false;
b6.Enabled = false;
b7.Enabled = false;
b8.Enabled = false;
b9.Enabled = false;
add.Enabled = false;
sub.Enabled = false;
mul.Enabled = false;
div.Enabled = false;
point.Enabled = false;
backspace.Enabled = false;
clear.Enabled = false;
result.Enabled = false;
}
public void enable()
{
textBox1.Enabled = true;
on.Hide();
off.Show();
b0.Enabled = true;
b1.Enabled = true;
b2.Enabled = true;
b3.Enabled = true;
b4.Enabled = true;
b5.Enabled = true;
b6.Enabled = true;
b7.Enabled = true;
b8.Enabled = true;
b9.Enabled = true;
add.Enabled = true;
clear.Enabled = true;
backspace.Enabled = true;
result.Enabled = true;
div.Enabled = true;
sub.Enabled = true;
mul.Enabled = true;
point.Enabled = true;
}
private void b1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + 1;
}
private void b2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + 2;
}
private void b3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + 3;
}
private void b4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + 4;
}
private void b5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + 5;
}
private void b6_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + 6;
}
private void b7_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + 7;
}
private void b8_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + 8;
}
private void b9_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + 9;
}
private void b0_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + 0;
}
private void div_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
num = float.Parse(textBox1.Text);
textBox1.Clear();
textBox1.Focus();
count = 4;
label1.Text = num.ToString() + "/";
}
private void result_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
compute();
label1.Text = "";
}
private void add_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
num = float.Parse(textBox1.Text);
textBox1.Clear();
textBox1.Focus();
count = 1;
label1.Text = num.ToString() + "+";
}
private void sub_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
num = float.Parse(textBox1.Text);
textBox1.Clear();
textBox1.Focus();
count = 2;
label1.Text = num.ToString() + "-";
}
private void mul_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
num = float.Parse(textBox1.Text);
textBox1.Clear();
textBox1.Focus();
count = 3;
label1.Text = num.ToString() + "*";
}
private void point_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + ".";
}
private void result_Click_1(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
compute();
label1.Text = "";
}
private void on_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
enable();
}
private void off_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
disable();
}
private void clear_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
}
private void backspace_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
int length = textBox1.TextLength - 1;
string text = textBox1.Text;
textBox1.Clear();
for(int i=0; i< length; i++ )
{
textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + text[i];
}
}
public void compute()
{
switch (count)
{
case 1:
ans = num + float.Parse(textBox1.Text);
textBox1.Text = ans.ToString();
break;
case 2:
ans = num - float.Parse(textBox1.Text);
textBox1.Text = ans.ToString();
break;
case 3:
ans = num * float.Parse(textBox1.Text);
textBox1.Text = ans.ToString();
break;
case 4:
ans = num / float.Parse(textBox1.Text);
textBox1.Text = ans.ToString();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
}
The calculator will appear somewhat like this:
