What is the R Programming Language and its History?

What is the R programming language? 

R programming language is an open-source programming language for statistical computation. In ancient times, statisticians who want to produce statistical and graphical applications. It supports n number of statistical analysis techniques, machine learning models, and graphical visualization for data analysis. It serves the purpose of the free software environment for statistical computation and graphics. The R core team and the R Foundation support the R language for statistical computing. GNU package is the official R software environment. The GNU package has written in C, Fortran, and R(itself). Under the GNU (General Public License), it is freely available. R language has ranked among the top programming languages in the TIOBE index. 

R programming language is easy to understand and implement. It supports a handful of built-in functions. The packages are available to create an effective R program, data models, and graphical charts. For research and analytics purposes,  it is a popular language among statisticians and data scientists. It supports cross-platform portability. Multiple operating systems support the R language. R studio IDE is used to manage the R programming scripts. 

History of R programming Language

R programming language is the extended version of the S programming language. John Chambers, the creator of the S programming language in 1976 at Bell laboratories. In 1988, the official version of the S language came into existence with the name S-PLUS. The R language is almost the unchanged version of S-PLUS. 

• -- In 1991, the two Gentleman's Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentlemen,  researched to find the alternative of S programming language that is independent on S-PLUS.
• -- In 1993, they started publicizing the alternative. It has partially named on the first two R authors and two S authors.
• -- In 1995, another gentleman Martin Maechler convinced the other two to make R as free and open-source software with n number of other formers. The official version was released.
• -- On 23rd April 1997, Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) commercially announced with few minor changes and contributed packages. 
• -- On 29th Feb 2000, the first official "stable beta" version was released.
• -- The latest released version 4.1.2 on 01-11-2021.